Look down to read about philosophy, watch a few videos, and check out a few books.
Philosophy is the science of all things through ultimate causes, investigated by the light of natural reason alone.
Why is a philosophy created?
Three main philosophers are
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
When religion cannot fully answer people's questions or
satisfy their needs, people turn to philosophy. The
philosophical system can develop independently, but is
usually a reaction to religion; when religion cannot fully
answer people's questions or satisfy their needs, people turn to philosophy.
​Everything occurred from logos. Logos is a mean "word", "reason" or"plan".
The main philosophies are Platonist, Aristotelian, Stoic, Epicurean, and Skeptic. I also want to add Hedonist, Cynic, Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism.
Stoicism is a philosophy of life that maximizes positive emotions reduces negative emotions and helps individuals to hone their virtues of character. Thus, you should think about the worst situation that may happen to you and be proper for that.
Platonism is the belief that physical objects are impermanent representations of immutable Ideas, and that Ideas themselves give true knowledge in the form in which they are known to the mind.
Aristotelian is a tradition of philosophy that takes its defining inspiration from the work of Aristotle the works of Aristotle were initially defended by the members of the Peripatetic school and later on by the neo-platonists.
Skepticism is usually a questioning attitude or doubt about one or more supposed examples of knowledge that are asserted as a simple belief or dogma.
Hedonism is the belief that pleasure, or the absence of pain.
(Stoics says that in every pleasure thing, there is a pain. So hedonism is not a big idea.)
Cynic holds that the purpose of life is to live a life of Virtue in agreement with Nature. It sought to cure humanity of greed and vice with their proposal of living simply.
Confucianism focuses on the importance of personal ethics and morality. It belief system from ancient China, which laid the foundation for much of Chinese culture.
Daoism is the continuity between nature and human beings, or the interaction between the world and human society. In every good, there is a small bad, and in every bad, there is a small good.
legalism is the belief that human beings are more inclined to do wrong than right because they are motivated entirely by self-interest and require strict laws to control their impulses.
Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius, born nearly two millennia ago is perhaps the best known Stoic leader in history.
The most influential contributors to hedonist are considered to be the 18th and 19th-century British philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.
Diogenes took Cynicism to its logical extremes and came to be seen as the archetypal Cynic philosopher.
Laozi, the first philosopher of Chinese Daoism and the alleged author of the Daodejing, primary Daoist writing.
Legalism became the official philosophy of the Qin Dynasty. The main achievement of the Qin is the fact that it unified China, creating the first dynasty ruled by the first emperor Qin Shi Huang.
In the most famous exchange of the meeting, Alexander asked Diogenes whether there was anything he could do for him.
Diogenes, who was enjoying the warmth of
​
the autumn sun, answered, “Stand aside to
stop blocking the sun.” This abrupt response,
showing his utter contempt for the power and
prestige that Alexander craved, spawned the
large number of artistic renderings that
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followed.
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Although Alexander’s attendants took umbrage at Diogenes’ rudeness to their king, Alexander himself was not displeased. Leaving, he is said to have remarked, “If I were not Alexander, I would want to be Diogenes.”
“I am Alexander the great king.” To which Diogenes responded, “I am Diogenes the dog.” When Alexander asked what he had done to be called a dog, he said, “I fawn on those who give me anything, I yelp at those who refuse, and I set my teeth in rascals.”
An encounter to remember. The Kosmos Society. (2021, March 9). Retrieved December 23, 2021, from https://kosmossociety.chs.harvard.edu/an encounter-to-remember/
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